Lub fermentation ntawm organic raw cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov organic chiv, nws kuj muaj feem xyuam rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic chiv, fermentation ntawm organic raw cov ntaub ntawv yog tiag tiag kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev thiab lom. cov yam ntxwv ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm composting.Ntawm ib sab, qhov chaw fermentation yog sib tham sib thiab sib haum xeeb txhawb nqa.Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov khoom siv raw sib txawv yog sib xyaw ua ke, vim muaj cov khoom sib txawv, tus nqi decomposition kuj txawv.
Peb tswj cov txheej txheem fermentation feem ntau los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
Cov dej noo.
Cov ntsiab lus dej txheeb ze ntawm composting raw cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov txheej txheem composting yog 40% mus rau 70%, thiab cov ntsiab lus dej zoo tshaj plaws yog 60-70% txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua kom zoo.Qhov siab lossis qis noo noo ntawm cov khoom yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm aerobic microorganisms thiab yuav tsum tau hloov kho rau cov dej noo ua ntej fermentation.Thaum cov dej ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom yog tsawg dua 60%, qhov kub thiab txias yog qeeb thiab decomposition tsis zoo.Cov av noo ntau dua 70% cuam tshuam rau qhov cua kom tsim anaerobic fermentation cua sov qeeb decomposition nyhuv tsis zoo tagnrho.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov dej hauv cov khib nyiab tuaj yeem txhawb kev lwj thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov chiv thaum lub sij hawm nquag nquag ntawm cov kab mob.Cov dej yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm 50-60% thaum pib composting.Txij thaum ntawd los, noo noo tseem nyob ntawm 40 mus rau 50 feem pua thiab nyob rau hauv txoj cai tsis muaj dej ntws tawm.Tom qab fermentation, cov dej noo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw yuav tsum tau tswj qis dua 30%, yog tias cov ntsiab lus dej siab yuav tsum yog 80degrees C kom qhuav.
Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias.
Kub yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm microbial kev ua haujlwm.Nws txiav txim siab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv raw.Thaum pib kub ntawm 30 mus rau 50 degrees Celsius, kub-obsessed microorganisms ℃ degrade loj npaum li cas ntawm cov organic teeb meem thiab sai sai zom cellulose nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, yog li txhawb kev nce nyob rau hauv compost kub.Qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws yog 55 txog 60 ° C.Kub kub yog tsim nyog los tua cov kab mob, qe, noob nroj thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom thiab teeb meem.Tua cov khoom phom sij rau cov sij hawm, ntawm qhov kub ntawm 55 ° C, 65 ° C, ° C, thiab 70 ° C. Feem ntau nws yuav siv li 2 mus rau 3 lub lis piam hauv qhov kub thiab txias.
Peb tau hais ua ntej tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej noo yog qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov kub thiab txias.Cov dej ntau dhau yuav txo qhov kub ntawm cov chiv, kho cov dej noo yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub caij sov sov ntawm compost.Nws tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov kub thiab txias los ntawm kev ua kom cov dej noo kom tsis txhob kub siab thaum lub sij hawm composting.
Tig lub pawg yog lwm txoj hauv kev los tswj qhov kub thiab txias.Los ntawm flipping lub heap tuaj yeem tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub reactor kom cov evaporation ntawm cov dej kom cov huab cua ntshiab mus rau hauv lub heap.Taug kev dumper yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los txo lub cev kub ntawm heap.Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab tus nqi zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.Lub fermentation kub thiab lub sij hawm kub siab tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo los ntawm kev pov tseg tas li.
Carbon-nitrogen piv.
Cov pa roj carbon nitrogen kom zoo tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov fermentation du ntawm compost.Yog tias carbon-nitrogen ratio siab dhau lawm, qhov degradation tus nqi ntawm cov organic teeb meem qeeb vim tsis muaj nitrogen thiab qhov kev txwv ntawm ib puag ncig kev loj hlob, ua rau lub sij hawm ntev ntawm chiv composting.Yog hais tias carbon-nitrogen piv yog tsawg-carbon yuav siv tau tag nrho, ntau nitrogen nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ammonia poob.Nws tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, tab sis kuj txo cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nitrogen chiv.Microorganisms tsim microbial progeny thaum lub sij hawm fermentation organic.Cov noob muaj 50% carbon, 5% nitrogen thiab 0. 25% phosphoric acid.Cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo kom cov compost C/N 为 ntawm 20-30%.
Cov pa roj carbon-nitrogen piv ntawm cov organic compost tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev ntxiv cov pa roj carbon ntau lossis nitrogen.Qee cov ntaub ntawv, xws li straw, nroj tsuag, ceg tuag thiab nplooj, muaj fiber ntau, ligand thiab pectin.Vim nws cov ntsiab lus carbon / nitrogen siab, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv.Cov ntsiab lus nitrogen siab ntawm tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib quav tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv nitrogen siab.Piv txwv li, kev siv tus nqi ntawm ammonia nitrogen hauv npua quav yog 80% ntawm cov kab mob, uas tuaj yeem txhawb txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab ua kom cov kab mob lwj.
Qhov cua thiab pa oxygen.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom muaj cua txaus thiab oxygen rau cov quav fermentation.Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog muab cov pa oxygen tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob.Qhov siab tshaj plaws kub thiab lub sij hawm tshwm sim ntawm compost yog tswj los ntawm kev tswj qhov cua kom tswj qhov kub ntawm compost.Ua kom qhov cua nkag thaum tswj qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws tshem tawm cov dej noo.Kev ua pa kom zoo thiab cov pa oxygen tuaj yeem txo cov nitrogen poob thiab tsw ntxhiab hauv cov chiv.
Cov dej noo ntawm cov organic chiv muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev ua pa, kev ua haujlwm microbial thiab kev siv oxygen.Nws yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab hauv aerobic composting.Nws yuav tsum tau tswj cov dej noo thiab qhov cua raws li cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, kom ua tiav cov dej thiab cov pa oxygen.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ob qho tib si, txhawm rau txhawb microbial kev loj hlob thiab kev yug me nyuam kom ua kom zoo dua fermentation.
Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias kev siv cov pa oxygen nce exponentially hauv qab 60 ° C, kuj maj mam ntawm 60 ° C los yog siab dua, thiab ze rau 0 saum 70 ° C. Qhov cua thiab oxygen yuav tsum tau kho raws li qhov kub thiab txias.
tswj pH.
Cov pH cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem fermentation.Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm composting, pH cuam tshuam cov kev ua ntawm cov kab mob.Piv txwv li, pH 6.0 yog qhov tseem ceeb rau npua quav quav thiab sawdust.Nws inhibits zus tau tej cov carbon dioxide thiab cua sov ntawm pH slt; 6.0.Ntawm PH tus nqi ntawm 6.0, nws cov CO2 thiab cua sov nce sai heev.Thaum nkag mus rau theem siab kub, qhov sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm pH siab thiab kub siab ua rau ammonia volate.Cov kab mob microbes zom cov organic acids los ntawm compost, txo cov pH mus txog 5. Volatile organic acids tuaj yeem evaporate thaum kub nce.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev yaig ntawm ammonia los ntawm cov organic teeb meem nce pH.Thaum kawg nws stabilizes nyob rau theem siab dua.Nyob rau hauv lub siab kub compost, pH ntawm 7.5 mus rau 8.5 tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws composting tus nqi.Cov pH siab dhau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau ammonia volatilization ntau dhau, yog li koj tuaj yeem txo pH los ntawm kev ntxiv alum thiab phosphoric acid.
Nyob rau hauv luv luv, tswj kev ua tau zoo thiab meej fermentation ntawm organic raw khoom tsis yooj yim.Qhov no kuj yooj yim rau ib qho khoom siv raw.Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom sib txawv sib txawv thiab cuam tshuam ib leeg.Txhawm rau kom ua tiav tag nrho cov kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov chiv ua kom zoo, kev koom tes ntawm txhua tus txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua.Thaum cov kev tswj xyuas yog tsim nyog, fermentation yog nqa tawm smoothly, yog li nteg lub hauv paus rau zus tau tej cov zoo organic chiv.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-22-2020