Earthworm composting yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis muaj mob, txo qis, thiab rov ua dua cov khoom pov tseg ua liaj ua teb.Earthworms tuaj yeem noj cov khoom khib nyiab xws li straw, tsiaj txhu quav, nroog sludge, thiab lwm yam, uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog daws qhov teeb meem ntawm ib puag ncig muaj kuab lom, tab sis kuj hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv cov khoom muaj nqis thiab tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tsim cov qauv kev ua liaj ua teb ecosystem.
Vim yog siv cov av tshiab tshiab hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov chiv, nws tau txiav txim siab tias kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib quav yuav siv los nqa cov kab mob thiab kab kab rau cov yub thiab inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo.Qhov no yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev kho fermentation ntawm earthworm manure ua ntej tsim cov chiv chiv.
Hais txog carbon-muaj cov khoom siv organic uas feem ntau yog los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab / lossis tsiaj txhu thiab fermented thiab decomposed.Lawv txoj haujlwm yog txhawm rau txhim kho av fertility, muab cov zaub mov noj, thiab txhim kho qoob loo zoo.Nws yog tsim rau cov organic chiv ua los ntawm cov tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib manure, tsiaj txhu thiab cov nroj tsuag residues thiab tsiaj txhu thiab cog cov khoom ua raw khoom, thiab tom qab fermentation thiab decomposing.
Cov ntawv pov thawj hauv Internet qhia tau hais tias cov tsiaj txhu sib txawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv vim lawv qhov sib txawv carbon-nitrogen piv.Feem ntau, carbon-nitrogen piv rau fermentation yog li 25-35.
Cov pa roj carbon-nitrogen piv ntawm cov quav ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab cov nqaij qaib los ntawm ntau thaj chaw thiab cov khoom noj sib txawv kuj yuav txawv.Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho qhov sib piv carbon-nitrogen kom cov pawg decompose raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm txhua cheeb tsam thiab qhov tseeb carbon-nitrogen piv ntawm cov quav.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm earthworm manure organic fertilizer:
Earthworm manure yog siv dav hauv kev kho cov organic pov tseg thiab kev kho ib puag ncig kom paub txog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov cov khib nyiab rau hauv cov khoom muaj nqis thiab kev tsim kho dua tshiab.
Earthworm manure muaj lub cev zoo, xws li loosening aeration, tswj kom zoo noo noo, thiab muaj peev xwm nqus thiab thauj cov organic teeb meem.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vermicompost yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho cov av, thiab tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo.Kev siv cov quav hauv av hauv kev tsim cov qoob loo hauv paus chiv tsis tuaj yeem nqa cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev lag luam, tab sis kuj txhim kho av kev ua si thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv rov qab.
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm earthworm manure organic chiv:
Fermentation → crushing → stirring and mixing → granulation → drying → cooling → screening → packing and storage.
1. Fermentation
Txaus fermentation yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov organic chiv zoo.Lub tshuab tig lub tshuab ua kom paub meej fermentation thiab composting, thiab muaj peev xwm paub tau ntau pawg tig thiab fermentation, uas txhim kho qhov ceev ntawm aerobic fermentation.
2. Crush
Lub grinder yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov organic chiv ntau lawm, thiab muaj ib tug zoo crushing nyhuv ntawm ntub raw cov ntaub ntawv xws li nqaij qaib quav thiab sludge.
3. do
Tom qab cov khoom siv raw yog crushed, nws yog tov nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv pab tusyees thiab ces granulated.
4. Granulation
Cov txheej txheem granulation yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov organic chiv ntau lawm kab.Cov organic chiv granulator ua tiav cov khoom zoo sib xws los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, kev sib tsoo, inlay, spheroidization, granulation, thiab densification.
5. Qhuav thiab txias
Lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws ua rau cov khoom sib cuag nrog cov cua kub thiab txo cov dej noo ntawm cov khoom.
Thaum txo qhov kub ntawm cov pellets, lub nruas txias txo cov dej ntawm cov pellets dua, thiab kwv yees li 3% ntawm cov dej tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem txias.
6. Kev tshuaj ntsuam
Tom qab txias, tag nrho cov hmoov thiab cov khoom tsis tsim nyog tuaj yeem raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm lub nruas sieving tshuab.
7. Ntim
Qhov no yog txheej txheem tsim khoom kawg.Lub tshuab ntim khoom ntim tsis siv neeg tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov hnyav, thauj thiab kaw lub hnab.
Taw qhia rau cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm earthworm manure organic chiv ntau lawm kab:
1. Cov khoom siv fermentation: trough hom tig tshuab, crawler hom tig tshuab, saw phaj tig thiab ntuav tshuab
2. Crusher khoom: semi-ntub khoom crusher, ntsug crusher
3. Cov khoom siv tov khoom: kab rov tav tov khoom, lauj kaub tov khoom
4. Cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas: lub nruas ntsuas tshuab
5. Cov khoom siv granulator: nplawm hniav granulator, disc granulator, extrusion granulator, nruas granulator
6. Cov khoom siv tshuab ziab khaub ncaws: lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws
7. Cov khoom siv txias txias: lub nruas txias
8. Cov khoom siv pabcuam: cov khoom siv-kua sib cais, cov khoom noj kom muaj nuj nqis, tsis siv neeg ntim ntim tshuab, siv conveyor.
Cov txheej txheem fermentation ntawm earthworm manure feem ntau yog tswj los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
Cov dej noo
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev vam meej ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke thaum lub sij hawm composting, tus nqi ntawm cov dej hauv thawj theem ntawm composting yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm 50-60%.Tom qab ntawd, cov dej noo yog khaws cia ntawm 40% mus rau 50%.Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tsis muaj cov dej ntws tawm tuaj yeem tawm.Tom qab fermentation, cov dej noo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw yuav tsum tau tswj hauv qab 30%.Yog tias cov ntsiab lus noo noo siab, nws yuav tsum tau qhuav ntawm 80 ° C.
Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias
Kub yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm microbial kev ua haujlwm.Stacking yog lwm txoj hauv kev los tswj qhov kub thiab txias.Los ntawm kev xa cov pawg, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm pawg tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo kom ua kom cov dej ntws tawm thiab tso cai rau huab cua ntshiab nkag mus rau pawg.Los ntawm kev hloov pauv tas li, qhov kub thiab txias lub sijhawm ntawm fermentation tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo.
Carbon rau nitrogen ratio
Tsim nyog cov pa roj carbon thiab nitrogen tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov fermentation du ntawm compost.Cov kab mob tsim microbial protoplasm nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem fermentation.Cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo kom cov compost tsim nyog C / N ntawm 20-30%.
Cov pa roj carbon mus rau nitrogen piv ntawm cov organic compost tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev ntxiv cov pa roj carbon ntau lossis cov tshuaj nitrogen siab.Qee cov ntaub ntawv xws li straw, nroj tsuag, ceg tuag thiab nplooj tuaj yeem siv los ua cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv.Nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab ua kom cov qoob loo loj hlob tuaj.
tswj pH
Tus nqi pH cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem fermentation.Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm composting, tus nqi pH yuav cuam tshuam cov kev ua ntawm cov kab mob.
Disclaimer: Ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab lus no yog los ntawm Is Taws Nem thiab tsuas yog siv rau kev siv xwb.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-28-2021